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在過(guò)去的三十年里,中國(guó)一直是世界工廠。在制造業(yè)領(lǐng)域的增長(zhǎng)使得中國(guó)成為了全球第二大經(jīng)濟(jì)體。
But now this growth model is stagnating, and China knows it needs to change to keep its economy growing.
但是,現(xiàn)在這種增長(zhǎng)模式已經(jīng)停滯不前了,而中國(guó)知道必須要做出改變,以求能夠保持經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。
China has always been a country that copies its way to success, not a place where creativity thrives. So are China’s plans to turn into an innovation superpower realistic?
中國(guó)歷來(lái)慣于復(fù)制別人的道路來(lái)取得成功,并不是一個(gè)創(chuàng)新特別繁榮的國(guó)家。那么,中國(guó)希望轉(zhuǎn)變成為一個(gè)創(chuàng)新超級(jí)大國(guó)的計(jì)劃現(xiàn)實(shí)嗎?
The answer may lie in China’s tech capital, Shenzhen. It’s a city that was built on the back of achieving the Chinese dream.
這個(gè)答案也許能夠在中國(guó)的科技之都--深圳--找到,這是一個(gè)建設(shè)在實(shí)現(xiàn)中國(guó)夢(mèng)基礎(chǔ)之上的城市。
And at a busy traffic junction in the city, you can see a tribute to the man who started the Chinese miracle: Deng Xiaoping, who is credited with the economic success of modern China.
在深圳一個(gè)繁忙的交通路口,你能夠看見(jiàn)一座雕像,這是為了致敬那個(gè)開(kāi)始“中國(guó)奇跡”的人:鄧小平,現(xiàn)代中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)奇跡都要?dú)w功于他。
In the 1980s, he began experimenting with special economic zones as a way to create economic growth, and Shenzhen was the first place he tested this theory out. Dozens more were created across the mainland, all to emulate Shenzhen’s success.
在20世紀(jì)80年代,鄧小平開(kāi)始嘗試設(shè)立經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū),以求創(chuàng)造經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng),而深圳成為了他實(shí)試驗(yàn)這一理論的第一個(gè)地方。后來(lái)在大陸又設(shè)立了幾十個(gè)地區(qū),它們都效仿了深圳的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
Manufacturing firms cropped up all over Shenzhen, producing goods for customers all over the world. Consumerism became king in communist China - on the government’s orders.
制造業(yè)企業(yè)在深圳遍地開(kāi)花,為全世界的客戶生產(chǎn)商品。在中國(guó)政府的命令下,消費(fèi)主義在共產(chǎn)主義中國(guó)成為了最重要的東西。
And in the frenzied pursuit of profits, it didn’t matter whether what was produced was shoddy or a knock-off.
在瘋狂追求利潤(rùn)的過(guò)程中,無(wú)論制造出的是劣質(zhì)品還是仿冒品都沒(méi)有關(guān)系。
There’s no shortage of funding for a good idea here. But can top-down innovation work?
在這里,一個(gè)好點(diǎn)子從來(lái)不缺資金的支持。但是組織管理嚴(yán)密的創(chuàng)新能行嗎?
I travelled to Beijing to find out, and there I got a chance to see one of China’s newest companies emerging on the global innovation stage: Cheetah Mobile.
我來(lái)到北京,希望能夠找到這個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案。在這里我有機(jī)會(huì)參觀一家中國(guó)最新的公司:獵豹移動(dòng)公司(原名金山網(wǎng)絡(luò)),該公司在全球創(chuàng)新舞臺(tái)上混得風(fēng)生水起。
Cheetah used to make mobile security software and created a 650-million-strong community of users. That’s just behind Facebook and Tencent. But Cheetah’s boss, Fu Sheng, didn’t want to stop there. He had bigger dreams.
獵豹移動(dòng)曾經(jīng)開(kāi)發(fā)了一款手機(jī)安全軟件,用戶群的數(shù)量超過(guò)了6億5千萬(wàn),僅僅略遜于Facebook和騰訊。但是獵豹的老板傅盛不想止步于此,他有更大的野心。
"Chinese mobile internet products are actually pretty good," he told me as we walked around his Silicon Valley style office. "So I was convinced that my idea was sound. But every time I brought it up to my colleagues the response was, ’OK, good.’ And then went back to their own work."
傅盛的辦公室有一種硅谷的風(fēng)格,在我們參觀的時(shí)候,他告訴我說(shuō):“中國(guó)的移動(dòng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)產(chǎn)品實(shí)際上是非常好的。所以我很確信我的想法是明智的。但是當(dāng)我每次和同事們提及我的想法時(shí),他們的回答都是‘對(duì),很好’,然后就忙他們自己的事去了。”
Mr Fu pauses for effect and smiles. "Until one day, I brought them all to the US for a meeting. That night, we stayed in a very cheap hotel and bought some wine.
傅盛停頓了一下,微笑著說(shuō)道:“直到有一天,我把同事們都帶去美國(guó)去參加了一個(gè)會(huì)議。那天晚上我們住在一間廉價(jià)旅館里,買(mǎi)了些酒。”
"After a few glasses, I said to them, ’Let’s not just target the Chinese market. Let’s go for the overseas market - especially the US.’ They must have all been drunk, because they all agreed. And so we embarked on this path to go global."
“酒過(guò)三巡之后,我對(duì)他們說(shuō)‘我們的目光不要僅僅局限于中國(guó)市場(chǎng),我們要走出去發(fā)展海外市場(chǎng)--尤其是美國(guó)。’他們當(dāng)時(shí)一定都喝醉了,因?yàn)樗麄兌纪饬宋业挠^點(diǎn)。所以我們就走上了這條面向全球的道路。”
Cheetah now makes mobile games and applications. Some 60% of its revenues now come from its overseas markets. Cheetah is also developing a live broadcasting tool called Live.me to take on the likes of Periscope and Facebook Live. Mr Fu says Chinese firms must aim higher and compete with US firms.
獵豹移動(dòng)現(xiàn)在的業(yè)務(wù)是開(kāi)發(fā)手機(jī)游戲和應(yīng)用軟件。公司60%的利潤(rùn)來(lái)自于海外市場(chǎng)。獵豹目前正在開(kāi)發(fā)一款名為“live.me”的直播工具,有點(diǎn)類(lèi)似于Periscope和Facebook Live. 傅盛表示,中國(guó)企業(yè)必須把目標(biāo)放得更長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn),并且和美國(guó)企業(yè)相競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。
"American companies are leading globally without working as hard as us," Mr Fu told me. "It’s not because they have the leading technologies, it is because of the way they think.
傅盛告訴我說(shuō):“美國(guó)企業(yè)不像我們這樣拼命工作就能夠成為全球領(lǐng)先者,其原因不是因?yàn)樗麄儞碛蓄I(lǐng)先的科技,而是因?yàn)樗麄兯伎嫉姆绞健?rdquo;
"Chinese companies value knowledge and hard work, American companies value direction and vision. That was when I realised we needed a bigger goal: to go global."
“中國(guó)企業(yè)看重知識(shí)和努力工作,而美國(guó)企業(yè)則更看重發(fā)展方向和愿景。那時(shí)我就意識(shí)到我們需要一個(gè)更大的目標(biāo):邁向全球。”
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