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考研英語情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done的用法共分為9種,分別為:must have done、may/might have done、can/cannot have done、could have done、might have done、should/ought to have done、needn’t have done、had better have done、would rather have done,具體講解如下:
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done
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用法
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例句
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must have done
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表示主觀上對(duì)過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的行為進(jìn)行推測,意為“想必,準(zhǔn)是,一定做了某事”。
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He was subtilized someone must have entered his room.他敏銳地察覺到一定有什么人進(jìn)過他的房間。
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may/might have done
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表示對(duì)過去已發(fā)生行為的推測,意為“也許/或許已經(jīng)(沒有)……”。一般用于肯定句或否定句中,不用于疑問句。用might則表示語氣更加不肯定。
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A radio announcer may have an audience of millions.一個(gè)廣播員可能擁有數(shù)百萬名聽眾。
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can/cannot have done
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表示對(duì)過去發(fā)生的行為的懷疑和不肯定,通常用在否定句和疑問句中。(can換成could時(shí)語氣委婉)
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It beats me how she can have done it.我感到莫名其妙,她怎么竟然做出這樣的事。
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could have done
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可用于肯定句中,表示“可能已經(jīng)……”之意,此外,還可以表示過去能做而沒做的事,有一種對(duì)過去未付諸實(shí)施的事情的惋惜。
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Our ancestors could have killed themselves off with their large brains and dangerous memes, but they pulled through.我們的祖先原本可能會(huì)因?yàn)樽约旱拇T大頭腦和危險(xiǎn)的模因而滅亡,好在他們挺了過來。
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might have done
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表示“本來可能……,但實(shí)際上沒有發(fā)生的事情”。另外,還可以表示“本來應(yīng)該或可以做某事”之意,含有輕微的責(zé)備語氣。
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I might have done better if I’d stated my goal differently-perhaps “A- chieve exercise independence.”如果當(dāng)時(shí)我把目標(biāo)明確設(shè)定在“實(shí)現(xiàn)獨(dú)立做健身運(yùn)動(dòng)”的話,最后的效果可能要好得多。
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should/ought to have done
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用于肯定句時(shí),表示本該做某事,而實(shí)際上未做;用于否定句時(shí),則表示不該做的事反而做了。
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We should/ought to have done a better job explaining this up front and anticipating this problem.我們應(yīng)該更早地意識(shí)到問題的存在并且更清楚地解釋這個(gè)問題。
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needn’t have done
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表示做了本來不必去做的事。注意:didn’t need to do表示“沒必要做而實(shí)際上也沒有做某事”。
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Your elder brother need not have come last night.你哥哥昨天晚上本來不必來的。
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had better have done
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用于事后的建議,含輕微責(zé)備的口吻,意為“當(dāng)時(shí)最好做了某事”,其否定式had better not have done表示相反的含義。
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You had better have my watch fixed by next Tuesday.你最好在下周二以前把我的手表修好。
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would rather have done
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表示“當(dāng)時(shí)寧愿做了某事”,其否定式would rather not have done表示相反的含義,兩者都表示“后悔”之意。
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I would rather have seen it in English with Chinese sub-titles.我還是更喜歡聽英文原聲,配上中文字幕就行了。
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